| parameter | normal | formula |
| hr | 60-100 beats/min | direct |
| bp | 90-140/60-90 mmHg | direct |
| map | 70-110 mmHg | (SBP +2DBP)/3 |
| co | 4-8L/min | direct |
| ci | 2.5-4 L/min/m2 | CO/BSA |
| sv | 50-100 mL/beat | (CO/HR) x1000 |
| cvp | 2-8 mmHg | direct |
| pap | 20-30/8-15 mmHg | direct |
| svr | 800-1200 dynes/s/cm-5 | 80(MAP-CVP)/CO |
| svo2 | 60-75% | direct, pac |
| scvo2 | > 70% | direct, cvl |